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n-1-2-012.42a
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1995-07-21
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012.42a ITALY
by Stefano Trumpy
<TRUMPY@icnucevm.cnuce.cnr.it>
GARR is the Harmonization Group for Research Networks operating
under the Ministry of the University, Scientific and
Technological Research (MURST). GARR is also the name of the
Italian research network.
The aim of GARR is to interconnect the Italian research and
academic networks and to coordinate connections to international
networks. The network is operated by three public research
institutions and three consortia offering computing resources to
Italian universities. The three public research institutions,
the founding organizations, are the National Council for Research
(CNR), the National Council for Research on Nuclear and
Alternative Energies Sources (ENEA), and the National High Energy
Physics Institute (INFN). The three consortia are CINECA, CILEA,
and Tecnopolis-CSATA.
The backbone of the network provides four TDM channels over 2
Mbps lines, carrying IP, DECnet, SNA and X.25 traffic. The X.25
protocol carries traffic destined for the European backbone IXI
developed by the EUREKA-COSINE project.
Mail traffic on the network uses IP/SMTP and X.400. The
electronic-mail GARR task force has adopted the policy of having
every Italian domain registered through the DNS to be directly
reachable through the Internet or indirectly through an SMTP to
other protocol mail gateway. Another mail path is through the
COSINE X.400 WEPS. GARR has recently been recognized as a
non-forwarding Italian ADMD by the public X.400 administrators.
GARR includes a Network Information Service (NIS) whose most
important responsibility is information support for the Italian
academic and research networks. It offers direct support to the
managers of GARR network nodes or regional networks and indirect
support to end-users via the circulation of information. The NIS
is the reference point for the registration procedures (e.g., of
organizations, networks, domains, and persons) required to access
GARR and international networks. For information about the NIS
please send e-mail to info@garr.it.
The backbone is built up by the original seven primary sites
located in Milano (CILEA), Bologna (CINECA and CNAF-INFN),
Pisa(CNUCE-CNR), Roma (ENEA and NIC-INFN) and Bari (CSATA).
Recently the University of Naples (CISED) joined the backbone.
The MURST also funded a project to connect the over fifty
universities in Italy; the major ones will be connected as
extensions of the backbone, while the others will be attached
with 64kbps lines to the primary sites.
At present, besides Napoli the following cities plan to connect
within 92 their metropolitan area networks at high speed: Torino,
Padova, Trieste, Palermo, and Calgiari. Another thirty sites are
planning to connect within a year or so at lower speed. GARR
will continue to maintain connections to the major research
networks, including RIPE, EASInet, Internet, BITNET/EARN, EUnet,
HEPnet, IXI-COSINE, EBONE, EMPP and other networking initiatives.